MULTIPLICATION MADE EASY, WORD PROBLEMS, EXAMPLES, EXERCISES

Learn/Teach
Multiplication through Fun Games
For details, see near
the bottom of this page.

Please study
the decimal number system
and
Addition ,
if you have not already done so.

They are prerequisites here.

Example 1 :

Suppose you have 5 packs of
chocolates and each pack has
2 chocolates in it. How many
chocolates do you have ?

You have 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
chocolates.

Using our knowledge of
Addition, we can find this
repeated addition as 10.

Since you have 5 packs of
2 chocolates, you have added 2,
five times and you got 10.

So, we can say 2 added 5 times
gives 10 or simply 5 times 2 is 10.

We write this as 5 x 2 = 10.

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Example 2 :

You know, a cat has four legs.
Suppose there are 3 cats.
How many legs altogether ?

The answer is 4 + 4 + 4.
Using our knowledge of
Addition, we can find this
repeated addition as 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
or 3 times 4 is 12 or 3 x 4 = 12.

The above two examples are examples of
Multiplication as repeated addition.

Let us see one more example.

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Example 3 : Multiplication as repeated addition

Do you know an octopus which lives
in sea ? How many legs does it have ?
It has 8 legs. How many legs
altogether 4 octopuses have ?

The legs they have is 8 + 8 + 8 + 8.
Using our knowledge of Addition,
we can find this repeated addition as
8 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 32
or 4 times 8 is 32 or 4 x 8 = 32.

In all these three examples,
we have seen repeated addition
of a number. Instead of writing the
number and the + symbol repeatedly,
we are counting how many times the
number is added and writing it
as that count x the number.

We say that the number is
multiplied by the count
and the process is called
mutiplication.

The symbol for multiplication is 'x'.

Thus, multiplication is nothing
but the repeated addition.

Exercise 1A : Multiplication
as repeated addition

Fill in the blanks.

1. 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = --- x --- = ---
2. 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = --- x --- = ---
3. 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 = --- x --- = ---
4. 12 + 12 + 12 + 12 = --- x --- = ---
5. 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 + 20 = --- x ---- = ---
6. 6 x 4 is --- times --- or --- + --- + --- + --- + --- + --- = ---
7. 3 x 8 is --- times --- or --- + --- + --- = ---
8. 5 x 9 is --- times --- or --- + --- + --- + --- + --- = ---
9. 2 x 30 is --- times --- or --- + --- = ---
10. 4 x 15 is --- times --- or --- + --- + --- + --- = ---

For Answers see at the end of the page.

Exercise 1B : Word problems in
Multiplication as repeated addition

In answering these word problems,
give your answer using '+' symbol
and 'x' symbol before arriving at
the answer number.

1. A spider has 8 legs. How many
   legs altogether 5 spiders have ?
2. A flower bed has 6 rows and
   each row has 5 flowers. How many
   flowers are there in the bed ?
3. In an egg tray, there are 4 rows
   and each row has 3 eggs. How many
   eggs are there in the tray ?
4. In a bottle case, there are 6 rows
   and each row has 4 bottles. How many
   bottles are there in the case ?
5. There are 7 desks in a class room
   and each desk has 6 legs. What is the
   total number of the legs of the desks ?
6. There are 3 bunches of flowers
   and each bunch has 10 flowers.
   How many flowers are there ?
7. Ther are 9 biscuits in a pack. How
   many biscuits are there in 4 packs ?
8. A parcel has 7 items. How many
   items are there in 8 parcels ?
9. There are 4 rows of students
   and each row has 11 students.
   How many students are there ?
10. A book shelf has 5 rows and
    each row has 13 books. How many books
    are there in the shelf ?

Further Topics on Multiplication

The following Links take you to
different topics of Multiplication.

The need of TimesTable

Times Table Made Easy
using Vedic Math.

multiplying by single digit number

Additional problems on
multiplying by single digit number

multiplying by Two digit numbers,

Multiplying Two Digit Numbers
easily using Vedic math

multiplying by Three
or more digit numbers,

Multiplying Three Digit Numbers
easily using Vedic math

Multiplying Four Digit Numbers
easily using Vedic math

word problems.

multiplying fractions,

multiplying decimals.

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Answers to Exercises

Answers to Exercise 1A :
Multiplication as repeated addition

1. 5 x 3 = 15
2. 8 x 5 = 40
3. 7 x 7 = 49
4. 4 x 12 = 48
5. 6 x 20 = 120
6. 6 times 4 or 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 24
7. 3 times 8 or 8 + 8 + 8 = 24
8. 5 times 9 or 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 45
9. 2 times 30 or 30 + 30 = 60
10. 4 times 15 or 15 + 15 + 15 + 15 = 60

Answers to Exercise 1B :
Word problems in Multiplication as repeated addition

1. 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 = 5 x 8 = 40
2. 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 6 x 5 = 30
3. 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 4 x 3 = 12
4. 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 6 x 4 = 24
5. 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 7 x 6 = 42
6. 10 + 10 + 10 = 3 x 10 = 30
7. 9 + 9 + 9 + 9 = 4 x 9 = 36
8. 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 + 7 = 8 x 7 = 56
9. 11 + 11 + 11 + 11 = 4 x 11 = 44
10. 13 + 13 + 13 + 13 + 13 = 5 x 13 = 65